EXTRACTION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM PLANT WASTE AND THEIR COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to obtain biologically active compounds from various plant wastes, determine their extraction yield, and investigate the main properties of the obtained extracts. Waste materials of rosemary and pine were selected as the research objects. The plant materials were first dried and ground, and then bioactive components were extracted using the Soxhlet extraction method. To increase the efficiency of the extraction process and determine op-timal conditions, parameters such as temperature, time, and solvent type were systematically studied. The physicochemical properties of the obtained extracts — including density and refractive index — were determined. In addition, their functional groups were analyzed using infrared spectroscopy, and the results were comparatively evaluated. Within the scope of the study, the Soxhlet extraction method was applied. Based on the obtained re-sults, the efficiency of the raw material type and extraction method was compared, and the most suita-ble option was identified.